Thursday, December 18, 2014

Self-Assessment for New Media and New Literacies M. Schindler

Introduction
In our world today, new media and technology has new meanings and new tools. In some ways, we benefit tremendously from these devices and new tools. In order for us to keep up with the tools, we are obligated to buy them and obligated to learn about them. This paper is to bring awareness of how I have learned from this class, New Media and New Technology and discovering my knowledge or lack of knowledge. Self-assessment is another great tool to measure what we know.
What I Learned
            I learn every day of my life, usually.  What I learned from this class, was valuable. Learning about the terminology that describes the workings of new media and new literacy is important. Jenkins, H. (2006, p.3) discussed “participatory culture to be an environment where members believe their contributions matter, and feel some degree of social connection with one another”.  He suggests that there are: affiliations, such as Facebook, message boards and various forms of media, expressions where video-making and digital sampling takes place, collaborative problem-solving in which teams can work together to complete their tasks, and circulations where podcasting and blogging take place (Jenkins, 2006).  One of the best descriptions of participatory culture is “Participatory culture shifts the focus of literacy from one of individual expression to community involvement” (Jenkins, 2006, p.7). As an individual, I believe that technology and media are integral to participating in the community. We cannot leave it behind new development of technology. We will be participating in the new media tools whether we write with a pen and pencil or use Twitter or a blog. This is all inevitable.  I learn and assess my learning on how well I can use it or learn about.
            I became aware of affinity spaces in this class. Jenkins found that, “While formal education is often conservative, the informal learning within popular culture is often experimental. While formal education is static, the informal learning within popular culture is innovative” (2006, p. 9).  I discovered that affinity spaces are extremely productive environments.
            In reading about new skills that we have to acquire, Jenkins suggested, “teachers to pay greater attention to the social skills and cultural competencies that are emerging in the new media landscape” (Jenkins, 2006 p. 18).  I see our position as teachers is to consider improving our skills for our students, peers and the community.
           Learning about technology is never ending. There will always be a new form developed that we should discover on its use and its workings.    Teaching Seneca language in the community as a volunteer (no-pay taken) has been a great experience for because the students are learning to speak.  One day, I will convince some of my students to use their laptops to store their Seneca language and manipulate the use of media and technology for their own use. Better yet, they can ask their children to teach them how to manipulate these tools, especially the iPods and the iPads.


Strengths
One of my strengths is knowing that technology, the language in technology is different. Understanding networking and the internet is an industry that was developed to profit and not to completely 100%, to please the consumer. When something doesn’t work or if it is not compatible, I understand. As a programmer, one has to have patience.  If one doesn’t have patience, there is great frustration when a technological device or application doesn’t operate smoothly at first, you will always be frustrated. I know about Facebook, Snapchat, Twitter, personal blogs, streaming on YouTube, all the networks, searching on Google scholar and much more, but I only use some of these new media and technologies. As long as I have the patience, I know I can learn how they operate and how to use them at some point in time. New Software applications have stations around the country to test how well they will work. I learned this in undergrad.  I have a friend who worked in a beta testing company many years ago and she is not involved in software development or use, she just computes and is 80 years old. She is very smart, but it is interesting that she worked in a company such as this 20 some years ago.
Metaliteracy promotes critical thinking and collaboration in a digital age, providing a comprehensive framework to effectively participate in social media and online communities”   (Mackey, T. P., Jacobson, T. E., 2005, p. 62).
Internet companies and cable carriers convert their respective networks to Internet Protocol (IP). I can relate to this kind of knowledge that Varnelis (2004) writes as the address or the method, protocol in which our data is transferred from one personal computer Varnelis (2008, p. 112) discussed the involvement of FCC’s in the interstate and international communications of radio, television, wire, satellite and cable in his Networks Publics book. This is another regulation that is beneficial to us because of the complexity and important need to be regulated. We seem to be in trouble all over the world, in terms of who should use these communications, under whose law, in what capacity?  International lawyers, national lawyers and the federal government have the responsibility and will have to show accountability. We are the little guy, using the internet and the rest, extensively.
Improve on my Weakness
            My weakness is not that I cannot learn new media and new technology, instead, it is that I think I don’t need it.  Then I come to realize how important it is to open a Facebook account. I will be opening one during the break. I will need it for my communications with Akwesasne Mohawk schools and their people located up north. North, meaning that the Mohawks are located by the St. Lawrence River, near Quebec, Canada.  I will need it for the communications with the Oneida Language Program located in London, Ontario to message with their people involved in their program. I never wanted to do so, but now there is a need.
            My other weakness, is that I need to learn more about how to use technology and spend more money on headphones, buy a new laptop and invest in the new technology. My laptop is only four years old and has had a lot of use, but now it is time to purchase a new one. When people get a virus, they are scared to death. I know enough to turn over the laptop and pull out the battery.  I had a virus in January 2014.  I got rid of it on my own. Now, my weakness is to simply invest in new stuff.  I will not use the cloud because it is money-orientated, spend! The cloud stores ‘way too much’ of one’s personal information. I do not favor this application at all.  One day, I will probably be using the ‘clouds’.
Insights
In regard to transliteracy, I learned that it exists and the best definition of this is written by Thomas, “Transliteracy is the ability to read, write and interact across a range of platforms, tools and media from signing and orality through handwriting, print, TV, radio and film, to digital social networks” (Thomas, S., et al. (2007). Learning about literacy such as the Lankshear & Knobel reading was a great discovery. My view, is that they were all explaining the same idea that literacy is growing and we message one another through these mediums and using technology to transfer our messages.  David Crystal discussed the new literacy of email and how people express themselves which is a new way to talk (2004, p.108). I find myself doing exactly what he discussed in his writings. I email with short messages when I am in a hurry.  Varnelis discussed the development of broadband to a greater extent which is valuable knowledge.  The ideas that Varnelis gave were valuable and if we didn’t have broadband, we wouldn’t be able to transfer data through our many tools and devices.    
Assessment
 “Identify new and significant discoveries/understandings that were gained concerning the performance area; i.e., what did the assessor learn that others might benefit from hearing or knowing, (Wasserman & Berstein, 2011, p. 2). Understanding how Insights can include new discoveries and how we can apply them to our different life situation is what I learned from this reading.
            Self-assessment is the best process to measure or evaluate one’s progress. I, particularly, like the guide for self-assessment by Taylor et al.  A guide written by Taylor, Marienau and Fiddler (2000, p.67) for self-assessment:
“Developmental Intentions

I.                    Toward knowing as a dialogical process. - paying attention to wholes as well as the parts that compare them.
II.                  Toward a dialogical relationship to oneself – Exploring life’s experiences through some framework(s) of analysis.
III.                Toward being a continuous learner. – Reflecting on one’s own and other’s experiences and recognizing and revealing one’s strength and weaknesses as a learner and knower.”

This is a great guide to find out more about reflecting on one’s assessment, (Taylor, Marienau, and Fiddler, 2000).

Conclusion
            I may never learn all there is about my own use of software in my operating system or the applications needed to perform special tasks for work on my computer, but I know that there is more to it. New media, participatory culture, transliteracy and metaliteracy are equally as important to gain knowledge about.  There are cultures of every kind, immense numbers. People who haven’t learned about the theories of literacy attached to technology will learn soon that they have some more cultures to learn from.

References:

Crystal, D. (2004). Language and the internet. NY. NY: Cambridge University Press.
Jenkins, H. (2006). Confronting the Challenges of Participatory Culture: Media Education for
the 21st Century. An Occasional Paper on Digital Media and Learning. John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation.
Mackey, T. P., Jacobson, T. E., (2011) Reframing Information Literacy as a Metaliteracy. In

College & Research Libraries. Retrieved from:

http://crl.acrl.org/content/72/1/62.full.pdf+html

Lankshear C., Knobel, M. (2011). Literacies Social, Cultural and Historical Perspectives, NY, NY.
Peter Lang Publishing, Inc.
Taylor, K., Marienau, C., and Fiddler, M. (p. 67, 79, 84, 2000). Developing Adult Learners, San

Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Varnelis, K. (Ed.). (2008). Networked Publics. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press. Retrieved
            From: http://www.ebrary.com

 Wasserman, J., (2004). The SII Method for Assessment Reporting. University of Tennessee,
Knoxville, TN: University of Tennessee Press. Retrieved from:

Sunday, December 14, 2014

INFORMATION LITERACY GUIDE


INFORMATION LITERACY GUIDE                                  Marilyn Schindler

This is an information literacy guide for students to tap into for some outlined topics and resources. We all have a dependence on technology. This guide is a simple outline for students to use for information and resources. This guide is framed for the new technology and media.

Jenkins stated, “…it does not address the fundamental inequalities in young people’s access to new media technologies and the opportunities for participation they represent (what we call the participation gap)” (Jenkins 2009, P.12).  

Scope: Knowing What Is Available

  • Searching in Databases
  • Use Proquest, which is a good research source
  • Try Jistor in the Academic Library of your college.

Plan: Developing Research Strategies


Gather: Finding What You Need


Evaluate: Assessing Your Research Process and Findings

  • Find Relevant Sources & Evaluate their Value
  • Identify the Information Purpose of your Need & Use

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There are so many areas of a literacy guide that can be covered. This Information Literacy

Guide is to give some basic information for a ‘learner’ to use. Here are a few topics to research at your school or college.  There is a lot to learn, yet, we become self-directed learners.

TOPICS TO RESEARCH AND LEARN:

 

  • Benefits of participatory culture is collaborative problem solving.  
  • Software development environment have emerged.
  • Creation of Open-Source platforms.
  • Users can collaborate together and provide a better product  
  • Use of educational simulations
  • Alternative and augmented reality games
  • Webquests, production activities
  • Blogs and wikis

(Jenkins 2009, p.5 - 57). 

Henry Jenkins (2006) provided a list of skills to acquire needed for media literacy:

  • Players & Play: “Educators (in school and out) tap into play as a skill when they encourage free-form experimentation and open-ended speculation” (2006 p. 24).
  • “Simulation: “The ability to interpret and construct dynamic models of real world process” (2006, p. 25).  
  • “Performance – the ability to adopt alternative identities for the purpose of improvisation and discovery” (2006. p. 31).
  • “Appropriation – the ability to meaningful sample and remix media content” (2006,

p. 32).

  • “Multitasking – the ability to scan one’s environment and shift focus onto salient details on an ad hoc basis” (2006 p. 34).
  • “Distributive Cognition – the ability to interact meaningfully with tools that expand our mental capacities” (2006, p. 37).
  • “Collective Intelligence – the ability to pool knowledge and compare notes with others towards a common goal” (2006, p. 39).  
  • “Judgment – the ability to evaluate the reliability and credibility of different information sources” (2006, p. 43).
  • “Transmedia Navigation – the ability to deal with the flow of stories and information across multiple modalities” (2006, p. 46).  
  • “Networking – the ability to search for synthesize, and disseminate information” (2006, p. 49).
  • “Negotiation – the ability to travel across communities, discerning and respecting multiple perspectives, and grasping and following alternative sets of norms” (2006,          p. 52).
  • “Collective Intelligence – the ability to pool knowledge and compare notes with others towards a common goal” (2006, p.39)

These are skills that Jenkins (2006) suggest for learners of new media and literacies. The age and background has no bearing on how to learn this media and literacy. The environments available now in the 21st century, are developing quickly and skills are needed to be learned. 

In conclusion of this presentation of an Information Literacy Guide, we should realize that media convergence and networked participation including “new blogs, viral marketing, and amateur and remix music” (Varnelis, 2012, p. 43). New media and new literacies has converged upon the global world and we will continue to learn these systems and use these systems. We don’t realize how much we depend on broadband which is used for DSL, cable modem, fiber, wireless, and satellite use. (Varnelis, 2012) So many devices and new technologies are developed throughout the year that we must stay literate.

The cost should match the use of the technology and it is not all free to use. Many low-income families may not have access to computers or high speed Internet.   There are still rural areas where the telecommunication companies do not provide data services.   

References:

Jenkins, H. (2009), Confronting the Challenges of Participatory Culture: Media Education for the 21st Century Retrieved from: Empire State College Moodle-Jenkins_white_paper.pdf.(2014).

Varnelis, K. (Ed.).(2008). Networked Publics. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. http://networkedpublics.org

 

         

 

Sunday, November 16, 2014

Questions for interview with the young

Social Media questions

1.       Do you do homework with or without technology, such as other media tools?
2.       Do you use Face book or texting more?
3.       Do you think Face book is better for information?  Or do you like to text for quick immediate answers?
4.      How many times a day do you use your iPhone? Or how often?


Technology questions

1.       What kind of cell phone do you own?
2.       How long does your iPhone hold a charge?
3.       Do you upgrade from 3G to 4G, when it comes out for internet service or your cell phone?
4.       Why?
5.       Who pays for the cost of your cell phone, internet service and when did you get your laptop?

The interview that I conducted was with a 17 year old junior in high school who is a young man.  His nickname is Josh. He is a typical adolescent who uses most of the new technology and I was given a minimum amount of time because of both our schedules.  He is involved with sports, basketball, lacrosse and football.
                The questions were placed into two parts:  social media type questions and technology questions. What I discovered was that he has an iPhone, Mac Laptop and an iPad. Starting with his iPad, he said that he did not have a laptop at first, because his mom thought that he could access the internet, but it was not connected. At that point he would use his iPhone to go on the internet every day to access the web, games, Facebook, texting, and more and he would run up the phone bill to $15 every day.  Then his mom purchased the app and things got better.  They dropped iPad, and his mother bought him a Mac laptop for Christmas last year.
                He goes on Facebook and uses it but not that often because he is busy in his schedule. He uses texting more than Facebook.  Texting is his primary technology for use.  His mother calls him on the phone when he doesn’t answer her text.  The problem with his phone is that he lives in a dead zone for AT&T coverage. He explained that he upgrades as soon as 4G was out, he now has 5G for his iPhone because it helps with connecting and getting a signal.  It is a stronger signal having 5G. He doesn’t charge his phone very often, every couple days, because he shuts his phone off once at night to save the charge. It is important to say that I was surprised that a 4G has less of a chance for a signal in a dead zone than a 5G.
                He does some of his homework on the laptop and he uses a flash-drive to print or to take to school to print, but he doesn’t use it very often. Most of the time he hands in homework the old way, hand written. He said he can type better than his friends who did not take the class in word processing. They still use two fingers when typing.  He said he does use his iPhone several times a day to find his friends.  In his high school, they are not allowed to have their iPhones on at all. They take them away, if they are used. They are given back at the end of the school day.
                In conclusion, I learned a lot about location being important for internet coverage, cell phone coverage and what happens when you have a particular service such as AT&T instead of Verizon. From this interview, I learned that Josh lives in the country where the signal from the towers for his cell phone is the importance, as well as the service from AT&T as your company. Verizon is the better service provider for cell phone in his area. I was surprised about all of that, because he lives on a hill compared to people who live in a valley, and who usually have bad coverage for cell phones living in the country. His mother has changed their internet service a couple times and they now have Gen5 Hughes net. He said she complains about the cost no matter what they have.



Friday, October 31, 2014


 

DECONSTRUCTION OF PRINT ADVERTISEMENT                       Marilyn Schindler

 

Introduction

This paper includes an observation and deconstruction of an image. The paper discusses to videos.  One showing the narrator who talked about McLuhan, a media theorist, and the other is Killing Us Softly by Kilbourne.

The Videos

The video showing Tom Wolfe speaking about the fame of Marshall McLuhan who was before his time and an expertise in seeing into the future of what technology would hold. In his lifetime, he attended graduate school at Cambridge University. He was hired by big corporations such as General Electric, IBM and AT&T to speak about his projections about media and its effects. He had become famous enough for his media theory that his book, Understanding Media sold out.  He eventually became a professor of English Literature in Toronto and died in 1980 in this city.

In reference to Kilbourne’s video Killing Us Softly, A citizen has rights as in consumer laws regarding advertising and a consumer is the buyer of goods and products. With awareness, people can empower themselves and not buy their products. The video was clearly demonstrative of showing women as objects and it doesn’t give females a strong wholesome identity. Kilbourne mentioned who murdered women were also, included in their advertisements. This was powerful. The video seems to prove that advertising takes power away from people because of the intensity and frequency that the ads are shown.  These videos are in your face. Kilbourne discussed that she ‘tunes the ads out’, she doesn’t listen or watch them.  I do the same.

Food Advertising and Obesity

Advertising companies do spend an enormous amount of money for their ads. If they spend $2.5 billion to sell food on television and on the internet, it is a drop in the bucket for them. Foods that are wholesome and are healthy seem to cost more in the supermarket. That gives television and internet ads to opportunity to provide a different picture to see bad food.

Then people become obese.  It was their programmed mind from seeing the ads.  This is especially evident for children. The article about Food for Kids, found on the website media.com (2014) suggests that approximately 20% of their xxxx is spend on fast foods with a toy inside the package or container. 

Illustration of obesity.



 

In deconstructing this advertisement, I think that it clearly illustrated obesity. These are the aesthetics as I seen demonstrated:

  • The gender was a man, who is white possibly.
  • His age is approximately late twenties to thirty years old or possibly much younger.
  • His appearance is that he dresses casual and comfortable.
  • In deconstructing this image which is a form advertisement to illustrate obesity, I felt that it was appropriate to use to demonstrate that it was realistic and the assumption of being fat is reinforced. I The image shows how obese he is and how relaxed he appears from eating a lot of food sitting next to him on the bench.  He is now relaxed because is full in his obesity.
  • The lighting is of normal daylight type which does not want to show the background which is not focused.
  • The colors show in this image are well chosen by the photographer appear as a natural setting.
  • The purpose of the ad is showing obesity and does an excellent job, especially when the photographer chose a bench with the man having his food next to him.  It shows a lot of food which is a great choice to frame the image.
  • Finally the image served its purpose without any text.  It brings the kind of emotion that, anyone would say: “Oh my goodness! He is fat and he ate a lot of food, isn’t he really overweight? Sitting there obese!”
  • Images are used to connect or transition people through visual tools and their minds about obesity and the media. They decide the emotions.

The expectation of this media type image gives the observer a long term and a short term effect. The short term affect is make fun of people who are overweight. The long term affect is to show the observer that they too, could become overweight or fat if they eat too much.  Another affect is for the people who are obese. Obese people, men or women, can feel that they are reminded that they should do something about their obesity or they may feel a connection to the image. They may feel relieved, possibly.

It is my view, that the (ad) or image of obesity counters social change. Most people who are educated will think that this image is a great method to coerce people to eat healthy and exercise and not sit on a bench relaxing in their fat.

Conclusion

This media exchange through advertising is a power source. The videos prove how much influence advertising and words by McLuhan have on people even after he died. There is still an influence.  Kilbourne explains the power further, when she talks about this powerful influence.  Images are as powerful by telling people something no matter what it is telling.

 













References:

 

Food Advertising and Obesity November 1, 2014, Volume 134, Issue 5, Retrieved from: http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/118/6/2563.full


 

 

Media Education Foundation. (2005) Retrieved from:

http://www.mediaed.org/Handouts/DeconstructinganAd.pdf

 

Kilbourne, J. (2014) Video: Killing us softly. Retrieved from:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atl0K7YpbpM

Starburger, V. C. (2001). “Children and tv advertising: nowhere to run, nowhere to hide. Journal of developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 22, 185. Retrieved from: http://marshallmcluhanspeaks.com/introduction/

Media Education Foundation, Deconstructing an Advertisement.(2005) http://www.mediaed.org/Handouts/DeconstructinganAd.pdf